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Physics equations: units, rearranging and getting full marks

How to learn physics equations, rearrange them, convert units and set out calculations so you never drop easy marks.

Year 9–112 min readUpdated 30 September 2026

Physics calculations are some of the easiest marks on the paper, if you follow a clear routine. Most lost marks come from wrong units or messy rearranging, not from hard physics.

Step 1: learn the equations

Your exam board lists the equations you must remember and those you are given on an equation sheet. Check your board's list. Learn the "recall" ones with flashcards: equation on one side, words and units on the other.

For example: speed = distance ÷ time, in m/s = m ÷ s.

Step 2: use a set routine

For every calculation, write:

  1. The equation in symbols or words.
  2. The values from the question, with units.
  3. Convert units if needed.
  4. Rearrange (if needed).
  5. Substitute the numbers.
  6. The answer, with the unit.

Writing each step can earn marks even if the final answer is wrong.

Step 3: convert units first

Common conversions:

FromToDo this
kmm× 1000
gkg÷ 1000
minutesseconds× 60
kJJ× 1000
cmm÷ 100
mAA÷ 1000

Step 4: rearrange with confidence

Treat it like a Maths equation: do the same to both sides.

Example: Rearrange P = E ÷ t to find E.
Multiply both sides by t: E = P × t.

Example: Rearrange Ek = ½mv² to find v.
Divide by ½m: v² = 2Ek ÷ m, then square root: v = √(2Ek ÷ m).

If you find rearranging hard, put the numbers in first, then solve the simple equation.

Step 5: check the answer

In short

Learn the equations, use the same six-step routine every time, convert units first and always give a unit. Physics calculations then become reliable marks.

Notes, tests and papers for your exam board

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